The combination of eprenetapopt with dietary serine and glycine restriction synergizes to inhibit esophageal xenograft tumor growth. Eprenetapopt also inhibits iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis by limiting the cysteine desulfurase activity of NFS1, which potentiates ferroptosis and may restrict cellular proliferation. Deficiency in genes responsible for supplying cancer cells with the substrates for de novo glutathione synthesis ( SLC7A11, SHMT2, and MTHFD1L ), as well as the enzymes required to synthesize glutathione ( GCLC and GCLM ), augments the activity of eprenetapopt.
Using unbiased approaches, this study demonstrates that eprenetapopt depletes cellular antioxidant glutathione levels by increasing its turnover, triggering a nonapoptotic, iron-dependent form of cell death known as ferroptosis. The mechanism of action of eprenetapopt (APR-246, PRIMA-1 MET ) as an anticancer agent remains unresolved, although the clinical development of eprenetapopt focuses on its reported mechanism of action as a mutant-p53 reactivator. These results highlight the coexistence of multiple mechanisms that may act synergistically to disrupt CD46 function during aHUS development. Using BC1 and C1 expressing cell lines, we found that the C1 isoform bound markedly less C3b than the BC1 isoform. Third, the patient predominantly expressed the rare isoforms of CD46 (C dominated) instead of the more common isoforms (BC dominated). Second, stably expressing CD46(Ser201Leu) cells bound markedly less to patterns of C3b than CD46 WT cells. First, CD46 surface expression on the patient's blood cells was significantly reduced.
In our functional analyses, this variant caused complement dysregulation through three separate mechanisms. We here report a pediatric patient with aHUS carrying a hitherto unreported homozygous variant in CD46 (NM_172359.3:c.602C>T p.(Ser201Leu)). Dysregulation of the complement system can cause aHUS, and various disease-related variants in the complement regulatory protein CD46 are described. Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a thrombotic microangiopathy that may lead to organ failure.
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